Japanese+Cultural+References

In the Shoe-horn Sonata indication to Japanese Culture is emphasised through many miscellaneous items, various language techniques and the many experiences of Bridie and Shelia which have impacted their lives in the path of living within a hell bent camp in Japanese territory. The reference to Japanese culture is used to befall evidence towards not only the Japanese soldiers but also the toll it has taken on the women nearly 50yrs later. Through looking at how much the Japanese war camp has influenced the ladies lives, we see events which occurred so long ago can in ways assist the friendship or re-uniting of the women in ways
 * Japanese Cultural Reference**

In the beginning of the Shoe-Horn Sonata there is a reference to the Japanese Soldiers as being the strong, fearless fighters who have think they have top Authority this is evident through the word “Keirei” ordering prisoners to bow and then as the prisoner bow she bends her upper-body. This word “Keirei” is a symbol of respect and is known as a Kowtow. This Kowtow/bow is a tribute to the Emperor of Japan. Another Japanese word used with the same type of meaning is “Naore” which translates to: A disgrace,blot. **__By Sam Langlands__**